A study from Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind, study found that strengthening inspiratory muscles by performing daily breathing exercises for 6 weeks significantly reduced the amount of oxygen these same breathing muscles required during exercise, possibly making more oxygen available for other muscles.

Louise Turner, a researcher in the Department of Kinesiology, said just the act of breathing during an endurance activity, such as running, swimming, or cycling performed at maximum intensity, can account for 10 to 15% of an athlete’s total oxygen consumption. While inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been shown to improve performance in endurance sports, Turner’s study sought to shed light on how IMT does this.

  • The double blind, placebo-controlled study involved 16 male cyclists ages 18 to 40.
  • IMT involves the use of a handheld device that provides resistance as one inhales through it, requiring greater use of inspiratory muscles. For half of the study participants, the IMT device was set to a level that provided resistance as the subjects took a fast forceful breath in. For 6 weeks they took 30 breaths at this setting twice a day. The cyclists in the control group did the same exercises with the IMT adjusted to a minimal level.
  • After 6 weeks, when the study participants mimicked the breathing required for low, moderate, and maximum intensity activities, the inspiratory muscles required around 1% less oxygen during the low intensity exercise and required 3 to 4% less during the high intensity exercise.

Muscles need oxygen to produce energy. Turner’s research also is looking at the next component of this equation, whether more oxygen is actually available to other muscles, particularly those in the legs, because less oxygen is being used by the breathing muscles.

IMT has been used as an intervention in pulmonary diseases and conditions, such as asthma, COPD and cystic fibrosis, and also is marketed as a means for improving athletic performance in cyclists, runners, and swimmers.

[Source: Eureka Alert on behalf of Indiana University]